- You have no items in your shopping cart
- Subtotal: ₹0.00
ONION (KHARIF)
ONION (KHARIF)
- KHARIF/MAY-JUNE
- TYPES OF VARIETIES
- FERTILIZERS
- TYPES OF VARITES
GENERAL INFORMATION
Onion is most widely cultivated popular vegetable species. It is used for culinary purpose also it has several non-culinary uses like it is used as Moth repellent because of its pungent juice, it is used to polish glass and copperware, onion concentrated water can be spray on plants to increased plants pest resistance. Along with fresh consumption, it is used in flakes, powdered, paste form. Nutritive value of small onion is more compared to large one. India rank first in term of area and second in production after China. Maharashtra is major onion producing state in term of area and production, followed by Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.  Â
CLIMATE
Temperature
21-26°C
Rainfall
60-80CM
Sowing Temperature
18-20°C
Harvesting Temperature
25-30°C
SOIL
It can be cultivated on various soil type such as sandy loam, clay loam silt loam and heavy soils. It gives best result when grown in deep loam and alluvial soils with good drainage, moisture holding capacity and sufficient organic matter. Loose and sandy soils are not suitable for cultivation as bulb produce in such soil are deformed with less keeping quality. pH of soil should be 6 to 7.
LAND PREPARATION
Give three to four deep ploughing and bring soil to fine tilth. Add well decomposed cow dung to increase organic content of soil. Then levelled soil and divide into small plots and channels.
Kalyanpur Red Round:Â Popular variety of Uttar Pradesh. Bulbs are brown color with globular shape. Plants are ready to harvest in 150-160days. Gives average yield of 8-10ton/acre.
Â
Bhima Shakti:Â Suitable for growing in Kharif and Rabi season. Ready to harvest in 130days after transplanting, gives average yield of 170qtl/acre.Â
Â
Arka Kalyan:Â Deep pink color bulb. Gives average yield of 135qtl/acre.Â
Â
Pusa White Round:Â White, round, flat bulbs. Gives average yield of 120qtl/acre.
Â
Pusa white flat:Â White, flat, medium to large size bulb. Suitable for dehydration.
Â
Other states variety
Â
Pusa Red:Â Medium size bulb with bronze color. It has good keeping quality. Gives average yield of 125-140days after transplantation. It gives average yield of 100-120qtl/acre.
Â
Pusa Ratnar:Â Bulbs are globular flat with bronze deep red color. Gives average yield of 120-160qtl/acre.
Â
Pusa Madhavi:Â Medium to large size bulb with light red color. Ready to harvest in 130-135days after transplanting. Gives average yield of 120qtl/acre.
Â
Pusa Ridhi:Â Suitable for kharif as well rabi season. Bulbs are compact, flat globular with dark red color. Gives average yield of 120qtl/acre.
Â
Arka Niketan:Â Globular bulb with attractive color. Ready to harvest in 145days.Â
Â
Arka Bindu:Â Small size bulb with deep pink color. Early maturing variety suitable for export. Gives average yield of 100qtl/acre.
Â
Banglore Rose:Â Small size bulb with uniform size. Gives average yield of 60qtl/acre.
Â
Bhima Raj:Â Dark red, oval shape bulbs. Ready to harvest in 120-125days. Gives average yield of 100-120qtl/acre.
Â
Bhima Red:Â Suitable for Late kharif also. Bulbs are attractive red color. Ready to harvest in 115-120days. Gives average yield of 190-210qtl/acre.Â
Â
Bhima Super:Â Bulb are ready to harvest in 100-110days. Gives average yield of 105-115qtl/acre.
Seed Rate
Use seed rate of 2-3kg/acre.
Â
Seed Treatment
Seed treatment with Thiram@2gm/kg of seed + Benomyl 50WP@1gm/liter water effectively controls damping off and smut diseases. After chemical treatment, seed treatment with bio agent Trichoderma viride@2gm/kg of seed is recommended, it help in reducing early seedling diseases and soil borne inoculum.
Time of sowing
For kharif season planting, optimum time for raising nursery is in month of May – June. Seedling are ready for transplantation 6-8weeks after sowing. Carry out, transplantation in July – August month. Â
Â
Spacing
While transplanting, use spacing of 15cm between rows and 10cm between plants.Â
Â
Sowing Depth
In nursery, sow seeds at depth of 1-2cm.Â
Â
Method of sowing
For sowing use transplanting method.
Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
Â
| UREA | SSP | MURIATE OF POTASH |
| 65 | 100 | 30 |
ORGANIC Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
Â
| BIO DAP | NPK | MIX FERTILIZER |
| 100 | 100 | 100 |
Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)
| NITROGEN | PHOSPHORUS | POTASH |
| 30 | 16 | 16 |
Apply 20ton/acre of Farm Yard Manure or well decomposed cowdung at time of land preparation. Apply Nitrogen@40kg, Phophorus@20kg and Potash@20kg in form of Urea@90kg and Single Super Phosphate@125kg and Muriate of Potash@35kg per acre. Apply whole quantity of Phosphorus and Potash and half dose Nitrogen two days before garlic sowing. Apply remaining amount of Nitrogen one month after sowing.Â
Â
WSF:Â 10-15 days after transplanting, sprayed NPK 19:19:19 @10gm along with micronutrient@2.5 to 3gm/Ltr of water
To control weeds, take spray of Pendimethalin(Stomp)@1Ltr/200Ltr water/acre within 72 hours of sowing. Apply Oxyflorfen@425ml/200Ltr of water per acre as post emergence herbicide 7days after planting. Two to three weeding are recommended for weed control. First hand weeding should be done one month after sowing and second-hand weeding to be done one month after first hand weeding.
Depending upon climatic conditions and soil type decide irrigation amount and frequency. In general, it required five-eight irrigation. Apply first irrigation immediately after sowing. And second irrigation, three days after transplantation. Apply remaining irrigations at interval of 7-10days depending upon need and soil moisture. Stop irrigation 10-15days before harvesting. Avoid excessive irrigation.Â
PLANT PROTECTION  
Thrips
Thrips:Â If it is not controlled properly, can cause yield loss up to 50%. Mostly observed in dry weather. They suck sap from the foliage and results in curling of leaves, leaves become cup shaped or curved upward.
Â
To check severity of thrips incidence, keep blue sticky traps @6-8 per acre. If infestation observed in field take spray of Fipronil@30 ml/15 Ltr water or Profenophos@10 ml or Carbosulfan@10 ml+ Mancozeb@25 gm/10 Ltr water by 8-10 days interval.
Maggots:
Maggots:Â Infestation observed in January-February Month. They feed on roots cause browning of leaves. Base of plant become watery.
Â
If infestation is observed, apply Carbaryl@4 kg or Phorate@4 kg to the soil and give light irrigation. Apply Chlorpyriphos @1 Ltr/acre alongwith irrigation water or sand.
Purple blotch and stem phylium blight:
Purple blotch and stem phylium blight:Â In severe infestation may cause yield loss up to 70%. Deep purple lesions are observed on leaves. Yellow streaks get turn brown and extend along the blade.
Â
Take spray of Propineb70%WP@350 gm/acre/150 ltr of water,Twice at 10 days interval.
HARVESTING
Harvesting at proper time is necessary. It depend upon variety, season, market price etc. 50% neck falls is sign indicating crop is ready for harvesting. Harvesting is done manually by uprooting bulbs. After harvesting they are kept in field for 2-3 days to remove excessive moisture from bulb.
POST-HARVEST
After harvesting and proper drying, bulbs are sorted and graded according to size.