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GREEN GRAM (MOONG)
GREEN GRAM(MOONG)
- Kharif/March-april
- TYPES OF VARIETIES
- FERTILIZERS
- TYPES OF VARITES
GENERAL INFORMATION
Green gram also known as moong is one of the main pulse crop of India. It is a rich source of Protein along with fibre and iron. It can be cultivated as Kharif as well as summer crop. In Punjab, near about 5.2 thousand hectares of area is under moong cultivation with total production of 4.5 thousand tones (2012-2013).
CLIMATE
Temperature
25-35°C
Rainfall
60 - 90CM
Sowing Temperature
25-30°C
Harvesting Temperature
30-35°C
SOIL
It can be cultivated on wide range of soil. Gives best result when grown on well drained loamy to sandy-loam soils. Saline and water logged soils are not suitable for cultivation.
LAND PREPARATION
To bring soil to fine tilth give two to three ploughing. After each ploughing carry out planking.
Narendra Moong 1:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.4-5.2 qtl/acre.
Malviya Jagriti:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
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Samrat (PDM 139): It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 3.6-4 qtl/acre.
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Moong Janpriya (HUM-6):Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
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Meha:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-6 qtl/acre.
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HUM 16:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.4-5.2 qtl/acre.
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Malviya Jyoti (HUM 1):Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 5.6-6.4 qtl/acre.
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TMV 37: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-5.6 qtl/acre.
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Malviya Jan Chetna:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 60-62 days. Gives average yield of 4.8-5.6 qtl/acre.
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IPM 2-3:Â It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 4 qtl/acre.
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IPM 2-14: It is suitable for cultivation in whole UP. Ready to harvest in 62-65 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.4 qtl/acre.
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Type 1:Â It is early maturing variety. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. It is suitable for green manuring and grains purpose. Gives average yield of 2.4-3.6 qtl/acre.
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Jawahar- 45:Â It is medium duration variety, suitable for northern and peninsular zones of India. Ready to harvest in 75-90 days. Gives average yield of 4-5.2 qtl/acre. Pusa
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Baisakhi:Â Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Gives average yield of 3.2-4 qtl/acre.
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ML 1: It is medium duration variety suitable for Punjab and Haryana states. Ready to harvest in 90 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
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PS 16:Â It is suitable for cultivation in all over country. Ready to harvest in 60-65 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
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Other state varieties:
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K 851:Â It is medium heighted variety, suitable for kharif as well as summer sowing. It is resistant to drought conditions. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
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Muskan:Â It is suitable for kharif season as well as summer sowing. It is resistant to Mosaic and lodging. Ready to harvest in 75-80 days. Gives average yield of 5-7.5 qtl/acre.
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Asha: It is medium heighted variety, suitable for kharif as well as summer sowing. Ready to harvest in 65-70 days. Gives average yield of 3-4 qtl/acre.
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SML 668:Â It is suitable for growing in irrigated areas. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4-5 qtl/acre.
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MUM 2:Â Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
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Pusa 9531:Â It is suitable for summer sowing. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
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Pusa Vishal:Â It is suitable for summer sowing. Ready to harvest in 62 days. Gives average yield of 4.4 qtl/acre.
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Ganga -8: It is suitable for kharif sowing. Ready to harvest in 72 days. Gives average yield of 3 qtl/acre.
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MH 125: Ready to harvest in 64 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
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MH 421:Â It is suitable for summer and Kharif sowing. Ready to harvest in 60 days. Gives average yield of 4.8 qtl/acre.
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Mohini:Â Ready to harvest in 60-70 days. Tolerant to yellow mosaic virus and cercospora leaf spot. Gives average yield of 4-4.8 qtl/acre.
Seed Rate
For Kharif season, use seed rate of 8-9 kg/acre whereas for summer season used seed rate of 12-15 kg/acre.
Seed Treatment
Seed should be treated with Captan or Thiram @3 gm/kg of seed before sowing.
| Fungicide/Insecticide name | Quantity (Dosage per kg seed) |
| Captan | 3gm |
| Thiram | 3gm |
Time of sowing
Optimum time for kharif sowing is first fortnight of July. Optimum time for summer moong cultivation is from March to April.
Spacing
Use row spacing of 30 cm and plant to plant spacing of 10 cm for Kharif sowing. For Rabi sowing use row spacing of 22.5 cm and plant to plant spacing of 7 cm. Â
Sowing Depth
Sow seeds at depth of 4-6 cm.
Method of sowing
For sowing drill/pora/kera methods are used.
Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| UREA | SSP | MURIATE OF POTASH |
| 12 | 100 | – |
ORGANIC Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| BIO DAP | NPK | MIX FERTILIZER |
| 50 | 100 | AS PER SOIL |
Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)
| NITROGEN | PHOSPHORUS | POTASH |
| 5 | 16 | – |
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5 kg of Nitrogen (12 kg of Urea), 16 kg of P2O5 (100 kg of Superphosphate) should be applied per acre at time of sowing.
To keep field weed free, do one or two hoeing, first hoeing four week after sowing and second hoeing two week after first hoeing are required. To control weed chemically, apply Fluchloralin @ 600ml/acre or Trifluralin @ 800 ml/acre before sowing (take sowing on same day). Also after sowing, within two days, take spray of Pendimethalin @ 1Ltr/acre in 100-200 Ltrs of water.
Moong is mainly grown as a kharif crop. If needed provide irrigation depending upon the climatic conditions.
For summer season crop, three to five irrigations are required depending upon soil type and climatic condition. For good yield stop irrigation 55 days after sowing.
PLANT PROTECTION  
Sucking pest (Jassid, aphid, white fly):
Sucking pest (Jassid, aphid, white fly): If infestation is observed, take spray of Malathion @ 375ml or Dimethoate @ 250ml or Oxydemeton Methyl @ 250ml/acre.
For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam @40gm Triazophos@600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.
Mite, Blister beetle:
Mite:Â If infestation is observed take spray of Dimethoate 30EC @150ml/acre.
Blister beetle:Â They cause damage at flowering stage. They feed on flowers, buds thus prevent grain formation.
If infestation is observed, take spray of Indoxacarb 14.5SC @ 200ml or Acephate 75SC @ 800gm/acre. Carry out spraying in evening hours and if necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.
Tobacco caterpillar:
Tobacco caterpillar:Â If infestation is observed, take spray of Acephate 57SP @ 800gm/acre or Chlorpyriphos 20EC @1.5Ltr/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.
Hairy Caterpillar:
Hairy Caterpillar:Â To control hairy caterpillar pick caterpillar manually and destroyed by crushing or putting in kerosene water when infestation is low. In case of high infestation, take spray of Quinalphos @500ml or Dichlorvos @200ml/acre.
Yellow mosaic virus:
Disease and their control:Â Â Â Â Buy Now Pesticide & InsecticideÂ
Yellow mosaic virus: It is spread due to white fly. Irregular yellow, green patches are observed on leaves. Pods not developed on infected plants.
Grow yellow mosaic virus resistant varieties. For white fly control, take spray of Thiamethoxam@40gm, Triazophos@ 600ml/acre. If necessary take second spray 10days after first spray.
Gray Mold:
Gray Mold: Small water soaked spots are observed on leaflets. Spots on infected leaves become dark brown. In severe infestation, brown necrotic spots appear on twigs, petioles, leaves and flowers of the plant on attaining full vegetative growth. The affected stem finally breaks and the plant dies.
Before sowing carry out seed treatment. If infestation is observed, spray crop with Carbendazim@2 gm/ltr of water.
Cercospora leaf spot:Â
Cercospora leaf spot:Â As a preventive measure, do seed treatment with Captan and Thiram. Use cercospora leaf spot resistant variety. If infestation is observed take spray of Zineb 75WP @400gm/acre. Take two to three sprays at interval of 10 days.
HARVESTING
Best time of harvesting when 85% of pods get matured. Over-ripening of pods should be avoided as produce may be lost due to shattering. Do harvesting with sickle. After harvesting carried out threshing. After threshing, seeds are cleaned and dried in the sunshine.
POST-HARVESTING
Grains of harvested crop must be well dried before storage. And take care to avoid the pulse beetle infestation in storage.