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BEETROOT
BEETROOT
- RABI/FEBRUARY-APRIL
- TYPES OF VARIETIES
- FERTILIZERS
- TYPES OF VARITES
GENERAL INFORMATION
Beetroot is also known as “garden beet”. It is sweet in taste and is healthy having antioxidant properties. It has medicinal values i.e. it is used to cure cancer and heart diseases. It can be grown easily and is ranked as top 10 vegetables grown in India.
SOIL
Red beet grows best in loamy soil. It requires 9.5 pH of the soil. The crop also grows well in basic soil.
LAND PREPARATION
Ploughed land thoroughly followed by 3-4 harrowing to get fine tilth. For good seed production, land should be well prepared and contains appropriate moisture. Before last harrowing, land should be treated with Quinalphos @250ml /acre to protect crop from Cutworms, Termite and other insect-pests.
Detroit Dark Red: Variety having small, glossy leaves with round shape roots having deep red skin. It is ready to harvest in 80-100 days. Suitable for salad. Gives average yield of 60-80 Quintals/acre.
Crimson Globe: Medium size, bright green leaves. Roots are medium with red color skin. Gives average yield of 80 Quintals/acre.
Other state varieties:
Shubhra: The variety is developed in Sweden. It contains 18% of sucrose content and has impurity coefficient of 330. It gives an average yield of 56-62 quintals/acre. In this variety, there is less chances of leaf spot disease.
Magna Poly: The variety is developed in Denmark which gives an average yield of 56-62 quintals/acre. It contains 14-16% of sucrose content.
Tribal: It is the foreign variety of red beet which gives an average yield of 40 quintals/acre. It contains 14-16% of sucrose content and has 1178 impurity coefficient.
IISR Compost: Released from Lucknow center. It gives an average yield of 37-40 quintals/acre. It contains 14-18% of sucrose content.
Romanskaya: Released from Russia. The variety gets ready in 140-150 days and it gives an average yield of 60-76 quintals/acre. It contains 14-16% of sucrose content.
Seed rate:
Use seed rate of 3-3.5 kg per acre.
Seed treatment:
Seed is treated with Carbendazim 50WP or Thiram @2 gram/kg of seed before sowing.
Time of sowing:
In plain areas, September to November is optimum time for sowing. In hilly areas, February to April and June to September is optimum time for beet cultivation.
Spacing:
When sowing is done on ridges, use line spacing of 35-45 cm and for flatbed plantation, use spacing of 30-40 cm. Use plant to plant distance must be 10-15 cm.
Sowing depth:
Sow the seed at depth of 3 cm.
Method of sowing:
- Seed drill
Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| UREA | DAP or SSP | MOP | ZINC | |
| 90 | 125 | 50 | – | |
Organic Fertilizer Requirement (kg/acre)
| BIO-DAP | MIX FERTILIZER | Organic NPK | |
| 150 | 100 | 100 | |
Nutrient Requirement (kg/acre)
| N | P2O5 | K |
| 40 | 20 | 28 |
Use cow dung @40quintal/acre at the time of land preparation. Use fertilizer dose of Nitrogen @40kg in the form of urea @90kg, Phosphorus@20kg in the form of SSP @125kg and Potassium@28kg/acre in the form of Muriate of potash@50kg/acre.
Use full dose of Phosphorus and potash and one-third dosage Nitrogen before sowing, at the time of ploughing. Also, mix the 2kg/acre of Borax powder in the soil. Apply second and third dose of nitrogen, fifth and seventh week after sowing.
First weeding is done, after 25-30 days of germination. Second weeding is done after 15-20 of first weeding. For weed control, 2-3 weeding’s are required.
Overall, beet crop requires six to seven irrigations. First irrigation is given after 25 days of sowing and then next 4 irrigations is done at the interval of 25 days and then rest of the irrigations is given at the interval of 20 days.
PLANT PROTECTION  
Beet webworm:
Beet webworm: If infestation is seen, then spray of Dimethoate 30EC @200ml/acre to get rid of webworm.
Weevil:
Weevil: If infestation is seen, then spray of Methyl Parathion @2.5kg/acre is to be done to get rid of this pest.
Aphids and Jassids:
Aphids and Jassids: If infestation is seen, then spray of Chlorpyriphos 20EC @300ml/acre is to be done to get rid of aphids and jassids.
Downy mildew:
Downy mildew: Chlorotic spots are the symptoms of this disease.
Treatment: Spray with Mancozeb@400gm in 150ltr water per acre.
Treatment: Spray with Mancozeb@400gm in 150ltr water per acre.
Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot:
Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot: If infestation is seen then spraying of Mancozeb @ 400 grams in 100-130litre of water is done get rid of leaf spots.
HARVESTING
Harvesting is done in the end October – November month. Harvesting is done when the lower surface of leaves turns yellow. Before 1-3 days of harvesting light irrigation is necessary.